Framework · Orchestration Frameworks

Haystack

Build production-ready LLM applications — RAG, agents, and multimodal search — as explicit pipelines of typed Components with a tool-using Agent at the top.

Description

Haystack is deepset's open-source orchestration framework for retrieval-augmented and agentic LLM applications. Its core abstractions are Components (typed building blocks) wired into Pipelines, with an Agent component that runs a tool-calling loop over chat-based LLMs. Tools include Tool, ComponentTool, PipelineTool, MCPTool, and MCPToolset, so a Haystack agent can call other pipelines, MCP servers, or arbitrary Python functions. Haystack ships first-class hybrid retrieval (BM25 + dense) backends for Weaviate, OpenSearch, Azure AI Search, and an in-memory store; cross-encoder rerankers; and Hayhooks for exposing pipelines as REST or MCP servers.

Solution

Pipeline-of-components topped by a loop-based Agent. The Agent component takes a chat-based LLM and a list of Tools (Tool, ComponentTool, PipelineTool, MCPTool, Toolset, MCPToolset, SearchableToolset) and iterates: call LLM, dispatch any tool calls, update state, repeat until an exit condition (text reply with no tool call, or a named tool being executed) or max_agent_steps is reached.

Primary use cases

  • production RAG over millions of documents
  • tool-using agents with explicit retrieval and routing
  • hybrid (BM25 + dense) search pipelines with reranking
  • agents exposed as MCP servers via Hayhooks

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